Update guides/content on XR connection details for v2

[jbw976]

This PR continues the docs updates for #1001 and builds on the XR connection details guide added in #1034.

• the guide now includes a full example/walkthrough for function-patch-and-transform
• the function-patch-and-transform reference guide has been updated for its behavior changes in feat: automatic connection details support for v2 XRs crossplane-contrib/function-patch-and-transform#278
• the v2 breaking changes list has been updated with the XR connection details behavior change, we should have included this from the v2.0 release to start with

Feedback is welcome now, but keeping this PR in draft until a new version of function-patch-and-transform is released that includes:

• feat: automatic connection details support for v2 XRs crossplane-contrib/function-patch-and-transform#278

TODO:

• sync approved changes to relevant v2.x versions

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