diff --git a/e2e/case/project-loader.ts b/e2e/case/project-loader.ts
index d23a4424c9..256fca016d 100644
--- a/e2e/case/project-loader.ts
+++ b/e2e/case/project-loader.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ WebGLEngine.create({ canvas: "canvas", shaderLab }).then((engine) => {
   engine.resourceManager
     .load({
       type: AssetType.Project,
-      url: "https://mdn.alipayobjects.com/oasis_be/afts/file/A*fe1xS4Anh3AAAAAAQPAAAAgAekp5AQ/project.json"
+      url: "https://mdn.alipayobjects.com/oasis_be/afts/file/A*qGzdR5VaZToAAAAAQJAAAAgAekp5AQ/project.json"
     })
     .then(() => {
       const cameraEntity = engine.sceneManager.activeScene.findEntityByName("Camera");
diff --git a/packages/core/src/asset/ResourceManager.ts b/packages/core/src/asset/ResourceManager.ts
index c2fc4b9ebd..0395b2b29b 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/asset/ResourceManager.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/asset/ResourceManager.ts
@@ -570,38 +570,33 @@ export class ResourceManager {
   /** @internal */
   _objectPool: { [key: string]: any } = Object.create(null);
   /** @internal */
-  _idResourceMap: Record<ResourceId, EditorResourceItem> = Object.create(null);
-  /** @internal */
   _virtualPathResourceMap: Record<VirtualPath, EditorResourceItem> = Object.create(null);
 
   /**
    * @internal
    * @beta Just for internal editor, not recommended for developers.
    */
-  getResourceByRef<T extends EngineObject>(ref: { refId: string; key?: string; isClone?: boolean }): AssetPromise<T> {
-    const { refId, key, isClone } = ref;
-    const obj = this._objectPool[refId];
-    let promise: AssetPromise<T>;
-    if (obj) {
-      promise = AssetPromise.resolve(obj);
-    } else {
-      const resourceConfig = this._idResourceMap[refId];
-      if (!resourceConfig) {
-        Logger.warn(`refId:${refId} is not find in this._idResourceMap.`);
-        return AssetPromise.resolve(null);
-      }
-      let url = resourceConfig.virtualPath;
-      if (key) {
-        url += "?q=" + key;
-      }
+  getResourceByRef<T extends EngineObject>(ref: { url: string; key?: string; isClone?: boolean }): AssetPromise<T> {
+    const { url, key, isClone } = ref;
+    if (!url) {
+      Logger.warn("ResourceManager.getResourceByRef: url is empty.");
+      return AssetPromise.resolve(null);
+    }
 
-      promise = this.load<T>({
-        url,
-        type: resourceConfig.type,
-        params: resourceConfig.params
-      });
+    const cached = this._objectPool[url];
+    if (cached) {
+      return AssetPromise.resolve(isClone ? <T>(<IClone>(<unknown>cached)).clone() : cached);
     }
-    return promise.then((item) => (isClone ? <T>(<IClone>(<unknown>item)).clone() : item));
+
+    const mapped = this._virtualPathResourceMap[url];
+    if (!mapped) {
+      Logger.warn(`ResourceManager.getResourceByRef: url "${url}" not found in virtualPathResourceMap.`);
+      return AssetPromise.resolve(null);
+    }
+
+    const loadUrl = key ? url + "?q=" + key : url;
+    const promise = this.load<T>({ url: loadUrl, type: mapped.type, params: mapped.params });
+    return isClone ? promise.then((item) => <T>(<IClone>(<unknown>item)).clone()) : promise;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -611,7 +606,6 @@ export class ResourceManager {
   initVirtualResources(config: EditorResourceItem[]): void {
     config.forEach((element) => {
       this._virtualPathResourceMap[element.virtualPath] = element;
-      this._idResourceMap[element.id] = element;
       if (element.dependentAssetMap) {
         this._virtualPathResourceMap[element.virtualPath].dependentAssetMap = element.dependentAssetMap;
       }
@@ -653,13 +647,11 @@ const rePropName = RegExp(
   "g"
 );
 
-type ResourceId = string;
 type VirtualPath = string;
 type EditorResourceItem = {
   virtualPath: string;
   path: string;
   type: string;
-  id: string;
   dependentAssetMap?: { [key: string]: string };
   subpackageName?: string;
   params?: Record<string, any>;
diff --git a/packages/loader/src/AnimationClipLoader.ts b/packages/loader/src/AnimationClipLoader.ts
index 58227e65fc..b27872d84c 100644
--- a/packages/loader/src/AnimationClipLoader.ts
+++ b/packages/loader/src/AnimationClipLoader.ts
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import {
 } from "@galacean/engine-core";
 import { decode } from "./resource-deserialize";
 
-@resourceLoader(AssetType.AnimationClip, ["ani"])
+@resourceLoader(AssetType.AnimationClip, ["anim"])
 class AnimationClipLoader extends Loader<AnimationClip> {
   load(item: LoadItem, resourceManager: ResourceManager): AssetPromise<AnimationClip> {
     return new AssetPromise((resolve, reject) => {
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class AnimationClipLoader extends Loader<AnimationClip> {
   private _parseKeyframeValue(keyframe: any, resourceManager: ResourceManager): Promise<any> {
     const value = keyframe.value;
 
-    if (typeof value === "object" && (value as any)?.refId) {
+    if (typeof value === "object" && (value as any)?.url) {
       return new Promise((resolve) => {
         resourceManager
           // @ts-ignore
diff --git a/packages/loader/src/AnimatorControllerLoader.ts b/packages/loader/src/AnimatorControllerLoader.ts
index 161d107b7f..b28a89ddb9 100644
--- a/packages/loader/src/AnimatorControllerLoader.ts
+++ b/packages/loader/src/AnimatorControllerLoader.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import {
   WrapMode
 } from "@galacean/engine-core";
 
-@resourceLoader(AssetType.AnimatorController, ["json"], false)
+@resourceLoader(AssetType.AnimatorController, ["animCtrl"])
 class AnimatorControllerLoader extends Loader<AnimatorController> {
   load(item: LoadItem, resourceManager: ResourceManager): AssetPromise<AnimatorController> {
     return new AssetPromise((resolve, reject) => {
diff --git a/packages/loader/src/BufferLoader.ts b/packages/loader/src/BufferLoader.ts
index f7071ec240..9addae98c6 100644
--- a/packages/loader/src/BufferLoader.ts
+++ b/packages/loader/src/BufferLoader.ts
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import {
 
 const base64Regex = /^data:(.+?);base64,/;
 
-@resourceLoader(AssetType.Buffer, ["bin", "r3bin"])
+@resourceLoader(AssetType.Buffer, ["bin"])
 class BufferLoader extends Loader<BufferAsset> {
   load(item: LoadItem, resourceManager: ResourceManager): AssetPromise<BufferAsset> {
     const { url } = item;
diff --git a/packages/loader/src/MaterialLoader.ts b/packages/loader/src/MaterialLoader.ts
index 162d2e0c87..ec3c2a9942 100644
--- a/packages/loader/src/MaterialLoader.ts
+++ b/packages/loader/src/MaterialLoader.ts
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ function parseProperty(object: Object, key: string, value: any) {
   }
 }
 
-@resourceLoader(AssetType.Material, ["json"])
+@resourceLoader(AssetType.Material, ["mat"])
 class MaterialLoader extends Loader<Material> {
   load(item: LoadItem, resourceManager: ResourceManager): AssetPromise<Material> {
     return new AssetPromise((resolve, reject) => {
diff --git a/packages/loader/src/PhysicsMaterialLoader.ts b/packages/loader/src/PhysicsMaterialLoader.ts
index 334e60a618..d30bb619d0 100644
--- a/packages/loader/src/PhysicsMaterialLoader.ts
+++ b/packages/loader/src/PhysicsMaterialLoader.ts
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import {
   PhysicsMaterial
 } from "@galacean/engine-core";
 
-@resourceLoader(AssetType.PhysicsMaterial, ["mesh"])
+@resourceLoader(AssetType.PhysicsMaterial, ["physMat"])
 class PhysicsMaterialLoader extends Loader<PhysicsMaterial> {
   load(item: LoadItem, resourceManager: ResourceManager): AssetPromise<PhysicsMaterial> {
     return (
diff --git a/packages/loader/src/ProjectLoader.ts b/packages/loader/src/ProjectLoader.ts
index 128ec56535..de0ce3807b 100644
--- a/packages/loader/src/ProjectLoader.ts
+++ b/packages/loader/src/ProjectLoader.ts
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import {
 } from "@galacean/engine-core";
 import { IProject } from "./resource-deserialize";
 
-@resourceLoader(AssetType.Project, ["proj"], false)
+@resourceLoader(AssetType.Project, ["project"], false)
 class ProjectLoader extends Loader<void> {
   load(item: LoadItem, resourceManager: ResourceManager): AssetPromise<void> {
     const { engine } = resourceManager;
diff --git a/packages/loader/src/Texture2DContentRestorer.ts b/packages/loader/src/Texture2DContentRestorer.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 5a9cfcccbf..0000000000
--- a/packages/loader/src/Texture2DContentRestorer.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-import { AssetPromise, ContentRestorer, RequestConfig, Texture2D, request } from "@galacean/engine-core";
-
-/**
- * @internal
- */
-export class Texture2DContentRestorer extends ContentRestorer<Texture2D> {
-  constructor(
-    resource: Texture2D,
-    public url: string,
-    public requestConfig: RequestConfig
-  ) {
-    super(resource);
-  }
-
-  override restoreContent(): AssetPromise<Texture2D> {
-    return request<HTMLImageElement>(this.url, this.requestConfig).then((image) => {
-      const resource = this.resource;
-      resource.setImageSource(image);
-      resource.generateMipmaps();
-      return resource;
-    });
-  }
-}
diff --git a/packages/loader/src/Texture2DLoader.ts b/packages/loader/src/Texture2DLoader.ts
index 16600f0f0a..127b37eb96 100644
--- a/packages/loader/src/Texture2DLoader.ts
+++ b/packages/loader/src/Texture2DLoader.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import {
   AssetPromise,
   AssetType,
+  ContentRestorer,
   LoadItem,
   Loader,
   RequestConfig,
@@ -12,65 +13,117 @@ import {
   TextureWrapMode,
   resourceLoader
 } from "@galacean/engine-core";
-import { Texture2DContentRestorer } from "./Texture2DContentRestorer";
+import { decode } from "./resource-deserialize";
+import { FileHeader } from "./resource-deserialize/utils/FileHeader";
 
-@resourceLoader(AssetType.Texture2D, ["png", "jpg", "webp", "jpeg"])
+function loadImageFromBuffer(buffer: ArrayBuffer): AssetPromise<HTMLImageElement> {
+  return new AssetPromise((resolve, reject) => {
+    const blob = new Blob([buffer]);
+    const img = new Image();
+    img.onload = () => {
+      URL.revokeObjectURL(img.src);
+      resolve(img);
+    };
+    img.onerror = reject;
+    img.src = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
+  });
+}
+
+@resourceLoader(AssetType.Texture2D, ["png", "jpg", "webp", "jpeg", "tex"])
 class Texture2DLoader extends Loader<Texture2D> {
   override load(item: LoadItem, resourceManager: ResourceManager): AssetPromise<Texture2D> {
+    const url = item.url;
+    const requestConfig = <RequestConfig>{ ...item, type: "arraybuffer" };
     return new AssetPromise((resolve, reject, setTaskCompleteProgress, setTaskDetailProgress) => {
-      const url = item.url;
-      const requestConfig = <RequestConfig>{
-        ...item,
-        type: "image"
-      };
       resourceManager
         // @ts-ignore
-        ._request<HTMLImageElement>(url, requestConfig)
+        ._request<ArrayBuffer>(url, requestConfig)
         .onProgress(setTaskCompleteProgress, setTaskDetailProgress)
-        .then((image) => {
-          const {
-            format = TextureFormat.R8G8B8A8,
-            anisoLevel,
-            wrapModeU,
-            wrapModeV,
-            filterMode,
-            isSRGBColorSpace = true,
-            mipmap = true
-          } = (item.params as Partial<Texture2DParams>) ?? {};
-          const { width, height } = image;
-          const engine = resourceManager.engine;
+        .then((buffer) => {
+          if (FileHeader.checkMagic(buffer)) {
+            decode<Texture2D>(buffer, resourceManager.engine).then((texture) => {
+              resourceManager.addContentRestorer(new Texture2DContentRestorer(texture, url, requestConfig));
+              resolve(texture);
+            }, reject);
+          } else {
+            loadImageFromBuffer(buffer).then((img) => {
+              const texture = this._createTexture(img, item, resourceManager);
+              resourceManager.addContentRestorer(new Texture2DContentRestorer(texture, url, requestConfig));
+              resolve(texture);
+            }, reject);
+          }
+        })
+        .catch(reject);
+    });
+  }
 
-          const generateMipmap = TextureUtils.supportGenerateMipmapsWithCorrection(
-            engine,
-            width,
-            height,
-            format,
-            mipmap,
-            isSRGBColorSpace
-          );
+  private _createTexture(img: HTMLImageElement, item: LoadItem, resourceManager: ResourceManager): Texture2D {
+    const {
+      format = TextureFormat.R8G8B8A8,
+      anisoLevel,
+      wrapModeU,
+      wrapModeV,
+      filterMode,
+      isSRGBColorSpace = true,
+      mipmap = true
+    } = (item.params as Partial<Texture2DParams>) ?? {};
+    const { width, height } = img;
+    const engine = resourceManager.engine;
 
-          const texture = new Texture2D(engine, width, height, format, generateMipmap, isSRGBColorSpace);
+    const generateMipmap = TextureUtils.supportGenerateMipmapsWithCorrection(
+      engine,
+      width,
+      height,
+      format,
+      mipmap,
+      isSRGBColorSpace
+    );
 
-          texture.anisoLevel = anisoLevel ?? texture.anisoLevel;
-          texture.filterMode = filterMode ?? texture.filterMode;
-          texture.wrapModeU = wrapModeU ?? texture.wrapModeU;
-          texture.wrapModeV = wrapModeV ?? texture.wrapModeV;
+    const texture = new Texture2D(engine, width, height, format, generateMipmap, isSRGBColorSpace);
+    texture.anisoLevel = anisoLevel ?? texture.anisoLevel;
+    texture.filterMode = filterMode ?? texture.filterMode;
+    texture.wrapModeU = wrapModeU ?? texture.wrapModeU;
+    texture.wrapModeV = wrapModeV ?? texture.wrapModeV;
+    texture.setImageSource(img);
+    generateMipmap && texture.generateMipmaps();
 
-          texture.setImageSource(image);
-          generateMipmap && texture.generateMipmaps();
+    const url = item.url;
+    if (url.indexOf("data:") !== 0) {
+      texture.name = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
+    }
 
-          if (url.indexOf("data:") !== 0) {
-            const index = url.lastIndexOf("/");
-            texture.name = url.substring(index + 1);
-          }
+    return texture;
+  }
+}
+
+class Texture2DContentRestorer extends ContentRestorer<Texture2D> {
+  constructor(
+    resource: Texture2D,
+    public url: string,
+    public requestConfig: RequestConfig
+  ) {
+    super(resource);
+  }
 
-          resourceManager.addContentRestorer(new Texture2DContentRestorer(texture, url, requestConfig));
-          resolve(texture);
+  override restoreContent(): AssetPromise<Texture2D> {
+    const texture = this.resource;
+    const engine = texture.engine;
+    return (
+      engine.resourceManager
+        // @ts-ignore
+        ._request<ArrayBuffer>(this.url, this.requestConfig)
+        .then((buffer) => {
+          if (FileHeader.checkMagic(buffer)) {
+            return decode<Texture2D>(buffer, engine, texture);
+          } else {
+            return loadImageFromBuffer(buffer).then((img) => {
+              texture.setImageSource(img);
+              texture.generateMipmaps();
+              return texture;
+            });
+          }
         })
-        .catch((e) => {
-          reject(e);
-        });
-    });
+    );
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/packages/loader/src/TextureCubeLoader.ts b/packages/loader/src/TextureCubeLoader.ts
index c5d286a55b..64398e5922 100644
--- a/packages/loader/src/TextureCubeLoader.ts
+++ b/packages/loader/src/TextureCubeLoader.ts
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import {
 } from "@galacean/engine-core";
 import { TextureCubeContentRestorer } from "./TextureCubeContentRestorer";
 
-@resourceLoader(AssetType.TextureCube, [""])
+@resourceLoader(AssetType.TextureCube, ["texCube"])
 class TextureCubeLoader extends Loader<TextureCube> {
   override load(item: LoadItem, resourceManager: ResourceManager): AssetPromise<TextureCube> {
     return new AssetPromise((resolve, reject) => {
diff --git a/packages/loader/src/gltf/extensions/GLTFExtensionSchema.ts b/packages/loader/src/gltf/extensions/GLTFExtensionSchema.ts
index 11a43f4d43..126d3cab2b 100644
--- a/packages/loader/src/gltf/extensions/GLTFExtensionSchema.ts
+++ b/packages/loader/src/gltf/extensions/GLTFExtensionSchema.ts
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ export interface IEXTMeshoptCompressionSchema {
 }
 
 export interface IGalaceanMaterialRemap {
-  refId: string;
+  url: string;
   key?: string;
   isClone?: boolean;
 }
diff --git a/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/index.ts b/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/index.ts
index 1dbd8993ec..b50923d1cb 100644
--- a/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/index.ts
+++ b/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/index.ts
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ export function decode<T>(arrayBuffer: ArrayBuffer, engine: Engine, ...args: any
 
 export * from "./resources/parser/HierarchyParser";
 export * from "./resources/parser/ParserContext";
-export * from "./resources/scene/EditorTextureLoader";
 export * from "./resources/scene/SceneParser";
 export * from "./resources/schema";
 
diff --git a/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/parser/HierarchyParser.ts b/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/parser/HierarchyParser.ts
index 8c2ef09f96..ba8c08c1d4 100644
--- a/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/parser/HierarchyParser.ts
+++ b/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/parser/HierarchyParser.ts
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ export abstract class HierarchyParser<T extends Scene | PrefabResource, V extend
 
   private _getEntityByConfig(entityConfig: IEntity, engine: Engine): Promise<Entity> {
     let entityPromise: Promise<Entity>;
-    if ((<IRefEntity>entityConfig).assetRefId) {
+    if ((<IRefEntity>entityConfig).assetUrl) {
       entityPromise = this._parsePrefab(<IRefEntity>entityConfig, engine);
     } else if ((<IStrippedEntity>entityConfig).strippedId) {
       entityPromise = this._parseStrippedEntity(<IStrippedEntity>entityConfig);
@@ -245,13 +245,13 @@ export abstract class HierarchyParser<T extends Scene | PrefabResource, V extend
   }
 
   private _parsePrefab(entityConfig: IRefEntity, engine: Engine): Promise<Entity> {
-    const assetRefId: string = entityConfig.assetRefId;
+    const assetUrl: string = entityConfig.assetUrl;
 
     return (
       engine.resourceManager
         // @ts-ignore
         .getResourceByRef<Entity>({
-          refId: assetRefId
+          url: assetUrl
         })
         .then((prefabResource: PrefabResource | GLTFResource) => {
           const entity =
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ export abstract class HierarchyParser<T extends Scene | PrefabResource, V extend
 
     for (let i = 0, n = components.length; i < n; i++) {
       const componentConfig = components[i];
-      const key = !componentConfig.refId ? componentConfig.class : componentConfig.refId;
+      const key = !componentConfig.url ? componentConfig.class : componentConfig.url;
       const componentId = componentConfig.id;
       const component = entity.addComponent(Loader.getClass(key));
       componentMap.set(componentId, component);
diff --git a/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/parser/ParserContext.ts b/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/parser/ParserContext.ts
index 10f767858f..26a735c471 100644
--- a/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/parser/ParserContext.ts
+++ b/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/parser/ParserContext.ts
@@ -52,11 +52,11 @@ export class ParserContext<T extends IHierarchyFile, I extends EngineObject> {
   _setTaskCompleteProgress: (loaded: number, total: number) => void;
 
   /** @internal */
-  _addDependentAsset(refID: string, promise: AssetPromise<any>): void {
+  _addDependentAsset(url: string, promise: AssetPromise<any>): void {
     const tasks = this._tasks;
-    if (tasks.has(refID)) return;
+    if (tasks.has(url)) return;
     ++this._total;
-    tasks.add(refID);
+    tasks.add(url);
     promise.finally(() => {
       ++this._loaded;
       this._setTaskCompleteProgress(this._loaded, this._total);
diff --git a/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/parser/ReflectionParser.ts b/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/parser/ReflectionParser.ts
index ef140f01f8..45bc1e2882 100644
--- a/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/parser/ReflectionParser.ts
+++ b/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/parser/ReflectionParser.ts
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ export class ReflectionParser {
         // reference object
         // @ts-ignore
         return context.resourceManager.getResourceByRef(value).then((resource) => {
-          if (context.type === ParserType.Prefab) {
+          if (resource && context.type === ParserType.Prefab) {
             // @ts-ignore
             context.resource._addDependenceAsset(resource);
           }
@@ -144,22 +144,22 @@ export class ReflectionParser {
 
   private _getEntityByConfig(entityConfig: IEntity) {
     // @ts-ignore
-    const assetRefId: string = entityConfig.assetRefId;
+    const assetUrl: string = entityConfig.assetUrl;
     const engine = this._context.engine;
 
-    if (assetRefId) {
+    if (assetUrl) {
       return (
         engine.resourceManager
           // @ts-ignore
           .getResourceByRef({
-            refId: assetRefId,
+            url: assetUrl,
             key: (entityConfig as IRefEntity).key,
             isClone: (entityConfig as IRefEntity).isClone
           })
           .then((entity) => {
             // @ts-ignore
-            const resource = engine.resourceManager._objectPool[assetRefId];
-            if (this._context.type === ParserType.Prefab) {
+            const resource = engine.resourceManager._objectPool[assetUrl];
+            if (resource && this._context.type === ParserType.Prefab) {
               // @ts-ignore
               this._context.resource._addDependenceAsset(resource);
             }
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ export class ReflectionParser {
   }
 
   private static _isAssetRef(value: any): value is IAssetRef {
-    return value["refId"] !== undefined;
+    return value["url"] !== undefined;
   }
 
   private static _isEntityRef(value: any): value is IEntityRef {
diff --git a/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/scene/EditorTextureLoader.ts b/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/scene/EditorTextureLoader.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 5b4c336ffd..0000000000
--- a/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/scene/EditorTextureLoader.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-import {
-  AssetPromise,
-  ContentRestorer,
-  Loader,
-  LoadItem,
-  resourceLoader,
-  ResourceManager,
-  Texture2D
-} from "@galacean/engine-core";
-import { RequestConfig } from "@galacean/engine-core/types/asset/request";
-import { decode } from "../..";
-
-@resourceLoader("EditorTexture2D", ["prefab"], true)
-export class EditorTextureLoader extends Loader<Texture2D> {
-  load(item: LoadItem, resourceManager: ResourceManager): AssetPromise<Texture2D> {
-    const requestConfig = <RequestConfig>{
-      ...item,
-      type: "arraybuffer"
-    };
-    const url = item.url;
-    return new AssetPromise((resolve, reject) => {
-      resourceManager
-        // @ts-ignore
-        ._request<ArrayBuffer>(url, requestConfig)
-        .then((data) => {
-          decode<Texture2D>(data, resourceManager.engine).then((texture) => {
-            resourceManager.addContentRestorer(new EditorTexture2DContentRestorer(texture, url, requestConfig));
-            resolve(texture);
-          });
-        })
-        .catch(reject);
-    });
-  }
-}
-
-class EditorTexture2DContentRestorer extends ContentRestorer<Texture2D> {
-  constructor(
-    resource: Texture2D,
-    public url: string,
-    public requestConfig: RequestConfig
-  ) {
-    super(resource);
-  }
-
-  override restoreContent(): AssetPromise<Texture2D> {
-    const texture = this.resource;
-    const engine = texture.engine;
-    return (
-      engine.resourceManager
-        // @ts-ignore
-        ._request<ArrayBuffer>(this.url, this.requestConfig)
-        .then((data) => decode<Texture2D>(data, engine, texture))
-    );
-  }
-}
diff --git a/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/scene/SceneParser.ts b/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/scene/SceneParser.ts
index 8c3c5b2ee7..48041b0ee0 100644
--- a/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/scene/SceneParser.ts
+++ b/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/scene/SceneParser.ts
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@ export class SceneParser extends HierarchyParser<Scene, ParserContext<IScene, Sc
       const { customAmbientLight, ambientLight } = ambient;
       if (useCustomAmbient && customAmbientLight) {
         // @ts-ignore
-        context._addDependentAsset(customAmbientLight.refId, resourceManager.getResourceByRef(customAmbientLight));
+        context._addDependentAsset(customAmbientLight.url, resourceManager.getResourceByRef(customAmbientLight));
       }
       if (ambientLight && (!useCustomAmbient || useSH)) {
         // @ts-ignore
-        context._addDependentAsset(ambientLight.refId, resourceManager.getResourceByRef(ambientLight));
+        context._addDependentAsset(ambientLight.url, resourceManager.getResourceByRef(ambientLight));
       }
     }
 
@@ -42,14 +42,14 @@ export class SceneParser extends HierarchyParser<Scene, ParserContext<IScene, Sc
     if (backgroundMode === BackgroundMode.Texture) {
       const texture = background.texture;
       // @ts-ignore
-      texture && context._addDependentAsset(texture.refId, resourceManager.getResourceByRef(texture));
+      texture && context._addDependentAsset(texture.url, resourceManager.getResourceByRef(texture));
     } else if (backgroundMode === BackgroundMode.Sky) {
       const { skyMesh, skyMaterial } = background;
       if (skyMesh && skyMaterial) {
         // @ts-ignore
-        context._addDependentAsset(skyMesh.refId, resourceManager.getResourceByRef(skyMesh));
+        context._addDependentAsset(skyMesh.url, resourceManager.getResourceByRef(skyMesh));
         // @ts-ignore
-        context._addDependentAsset(skyMaterial.refId, resourceManager.getResourceByRef(skyMaterial));
+        context._addDependentAsset(skyMaterial.url, resourceManager.getResourceByRef(skyMaterial));
       }
     }
   }
@@ -68,11 +68,11 @@ export class SceneParser extends HierarchyParser<Scene, ParserContext<IScene, Sc
     const entities = file.entities;
     for (let i = 0, n = entities.length; i < n; i++) {
       const entity = entities[i];
-      if (!!(<IRefEntity>entity).assetRefId) {
+      if (!!(<IRefEntity>entity).assetUrl) {
         const context = this.context;
-        const { assetRefId: refId, key } = <IRefEntity>entity;
+        const { assetUrl: url, key } = <IRefEntity>entity;
         // @ts-ignore
-        context._addDependentAsset(refId, context.resourceManager.getResourceByRef({ refId, key }));
+        context._addDependentAsset(url, context.resourceManager.getResourceByRef({ url, key }));
       } else if ((<IStrippedEntity>entity).strippedId) {
         continue;
       } else {
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ export class SceneParser extends HierarchyParser<Scene, ParserContext<IScene, Sc
       if (ReflectionParser._isAssetRef(value)) {
         const context = this.context;
         // @ts-ignore
-        context._addDependentAsset(value.refId, context.resourceManager.getResourceByRef(value));
+        context._addDependentAsset(value.url, context.resourceManager.getResourceByRef(value));
       } else {
         for (let key in value) {
           this._searchDependentAssets(value[key]);
diff --git a/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/schema/BasicSchema.ts b/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/schema/BasicSchema.ts
index 2e82a81122..8bab34cc0e 100644
--- a/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/schema/BasicSchema.ts
+++ b/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/schema/BasicSchema.ts
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ export interface IBasicEntity {
 export type IEntity = IBasicEntity | IRefEntity | IStrippedEntity;
 
 export interface IRefEntity extends IBasicEntity {
-  assetRefId: string;
+  assetUrl: string;
   key?: string;
   isClone?: boolean;
   modifications: (IInstance & {
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ export interface IStrippedEntity extends IBasicEntity {
   prefabSource: { assetId: string; entityId: string };
 }
 
-export type IComponent = { id: string; refId?: string } & IClass;
+export type IComponent = { id: string; url?: string } & IClass;
 
 export type IClass = {
   class: string;
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ export type IBasicType =
   | IMethodParams
   | IEntityRef;
 
-export type IAssetRef = { key?: string; refId: string };
+export type IAssetRef = { key?: string; url: string };
 
 export type IEntityRef = { entityId: string };
 
diff --git a/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/texture2D/TextureDecoder.ts b/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/texture2D/TextureDecoder.ts
index e07e5a9632..05de1b8be2 100644
--- a/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/texture2D/TextureDecoder.ts
+++ b/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/resources/texture2D/TextureDecoder.ts
@@ -2,11 +2,15 @@ import { AssetPromise, Engine, Texture2D } from "@galacean/engine-core";
 import { BufferReader } from "../../utils/BufferReader";
 import { decoder } from "../../utils/Decorator";
 
+/**
+ * Data format: [url] [mipmap(1B)] [filterMode(1B)] [anisoLevel(1B)] [wrapModeU(1B)] [wrapModeV(1B)]
+ * [format(1B)] [width(2B)] [height(2B)] [isPixelBuffer(1B)] [isSRGBColorSpace(1B)] [mipCount(1B)] [imageData...]
+ */
 @decoder("Texture2D")
 export class Texture2DDecoder {
   static decode(engine: Engine, bufferReader: BufferReader, restoredTexture?: Texture2D): AssetPromise<Texture2D> {
     return new AssetPromise((resolve, reject) => {
-      const objectId = bufferReader.nextStr();
+      const url = bufferReader.nextStr();
       const mipmap = !!bufferReader.nextUint8();
       const filterMode = bufferReader.nextUint8();
       const anisoLevel = bufferReader.nextUint8();
@@ -38,7 +42,7 @@ export class Texture2DDecoder {
           }
         }
         // @ts-ignore
-        engine.resourceManager._objectPool[objectId] = texture2D;
+        engine.resourceManager._objectPool[url] = texture2D;
         resolve(texture2D);
       } else {
         const blob = new window.Blob([imagesData[0]]);
diff --git a/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/utils/FileHeader.ts b/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/utils/FileHeader.ts
index 94f0501aa9..25f69f1c82 100644
--- a/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/utils/FileHeader.ts
+++ b/packages/loader/src/resource-deserialize/utils/FileHeader.ts
@@ -1,20 +1,37 @@
 import { Utils } from "@galacean/engine-core";
 
+/**
+ * Binary format: [MAGIC(4B)] [totalLength(4B)] [version(1B)] [typeLen(2B)] [type] [nameLen(2B)] [name] [data...]
+ */
 export class FileHeader {
+  static readonly MAGIC = 0x4e434c47; // "GLCN" in little-endian
+
   totalLength: number = 0;
   version: number = 0;
   type: string = "";
   name: string = "";
   headerLength: number = 0;
 
+  static checkMagic(arrayBuffer: ArrayBuffer): boolean {
+    if (arrayBuffer.byteLength < 4) return false;
+    const view = new DataView(arrayBuffer);
+    return view.getUint32(0, true) === FileHeader.MAGIC;
+  }
+
   static decode(arrayBuffer: ArrayBuffer): FileHeader {
     const dataView = new DataView(arrayBuffer);
-    const totalLen = dataView.getUint32(0, true);
-    const fileVersion = dataView.getUint8(4);
-    const typeLen = dataView.getUint16(5, true);
-    const typeUint8Array = new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer, 7, typeLen);
-    const nameLen = dataView.getUint16(7 + typeLen, true);
-    const nameUint8Array = new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer, 9 + typeLen, nameLen);
+
+    if (!FileHeader.checkMagic(arrayBuffer)) {
+      throw new Error("Invalid Galacean binary file: missing GLCN magic header.");
+    }
+
+    const offset = 4;
+    const totalLen = dataView.getUint32(offset, true);
+    const fileVersion = dataView.getUint8(offset + 4);
+    const typeLen = dataView.getUint16(offset + 5, true);
+    const typeUint8Array = new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer, offset + 7, typeLen);
+    const nameLen = dataView.getUint16(offset + 7 + typeLen, true);
+    const nameUint8Array = new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer, offset + 9 + typeLen, nameLen);
 
     const name = Utils.decodeText(nameUint8Array);
     const type = Utils.decodeText(typeUint8Array);
@@ -23,7 +40,7 @@ export class FileHeader {
     header.name = name;
     header.type = type;
     header.version = fileVersion;
-    header.headerLength = nameUint8Array.byteLength + typeUint8Array.byteLength + 9;
+    header.headerLength = offset + nameUint8Array.byteLength + typeUint8Array.byteLength + 9;
     return header;
   }
 
diff --git a/tests/src/core/DeviceLost.test.ts b/tests/src/core/DeviceLost.test.ts
index 07ee54b996..46c95ac321 100644
--- a/tests/src/core/DeviceLost.test.ts
+++ b/tests/src/core/DeviceLost.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,14 @@
-import { AmbientLight, AssetType, BlinnPhongMaterial, Camera, DirectLight, MeshRenderer, PrimitiveMesh, Texture2D, TextureCube } from "@galacean/engine-core";
+import {
+  AmbientLight,
+  AssetType,
+  BlinnPhongMaterial,
+  Camera,
+  DirectLight,
+  MeshRenderer,
+  PrimitiveMesh,
+  Texture2D,
+  TextureCube
+} from "@galacean/engine-core";
 import "@galacean/engine-loader";
 import { WebGLEngine } from "@galacean/engine-rhi-webgl";
 import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
@@ -11,7 +21,6 @@ describe("Device lost test", function () {
   it("Force lost and restore test", async () => {
     const engine = await WebGLEngine.create({ canvas: canvasDOM });
 
-
     // Get scene and create root entity.
     const scene = engine.sceneManager.activeScene;
     const rootEntity = scene.createRootEntity("Root");
@@ -42,30 +51,27 @@ describe("Device lost test", function () {
     const ambientLight = await resourceManager.load<AmbientLight>({
       url: "https://mdn.alipayobjects.com/oasis_be/afts/file/A*t1inRbPh6VQAAAAAAAAAAAAADkp5AQ/ambient.json",
       type: AssetType.Env
-    })
+    });
     const textureCube = await engine.resourceManager.load<TextureCube>({
       url: "https://gw.alipayobjects.com/os/bmw-prod/10c5d68d-8580-4bd9-8795-6f1035782b94.bin", // sunset_1K
       type: AssetType.HDR
-    })
-    const ktx2Texture = await resourceManager.load<Texture2D>(
-      {
-        url: "https://mdn.alipayobjects.com/oasis_be/afts/img/A*iaD4QaUJRKoAAAAAAAAAAAAADkp5AQ/original/DefaultTexture.ktx2",
-        type: AssetType.KTX2
-      }
-    )
+    });
+    const ktx2Texture = await resourceManager.load<Texture2D>({
+      url: "https://mdn.alipayobjects.com/oasis_be/afts/img/A*iaD4QaUJRKoAAAAAAAAAAAAADkp5AQ/original/DefaultTexture.ktx2",
+      type: AssetType.KTX2
+    });
     const editorTexture = await resourceManager.load<Texture2D>({
-      url: "https://mdn.alipayobjects.com/oasis_be/afts/file/A*dOzQRoS72LgAAAAAAAAAAAAAekp5AQ/ImageTexture.json",
-      type: "EditorTexture2D"
-    })
-
+      url: "https://mdn.alipayobjects.com/oasis_be/afts/file/A*oFd_T4ffoUMAAAAAQ8AAAAgAekp5AQ/Internal/Material/Internal/Material/DefaultTexture.tex",
+      type: AssetType.Texture2D
+    });
 
     await new Promise((resolve) => {
       // Listening context devicelost and devicerestored
-      console.log('new Promise');
+      console.log("new Promise");
       engine.once("devicelost", () => {
-        console.log('context lost');
+        console.log("context lost");
         engine.once("devicerestored", () => {
-          console.log('context restored');
+          console.log("context restored");
           resolve(null);
         });
         // 模拟器不支持上下文恢复，此处直接调用代码模拟丢失与恢复
@@ -74,12 +80,11 @@ describe("Device lost test", function () {
       });
       // @ts-ignore
       engine._onDeviceLost();
-    })
+    });
 
     expect(ambientLight.specularTexture.isContentLost).to.equal(false);
     expect(ktx2Texture.isContentLost).to.equal(false);
     expect(textureCube.isContentLost).to.equal(false);
     expect(editorTexture.isContentLost).to.equal(false);
-
   });
 });
diff --git a/tests/src/core/resource/ResourceManager.test.ts b/tests/src/core/resource/ResourceManager.test.ts
index aeb1fabeff..0e76ae45d5 100644
--- a/tests/src/core/resource/ResourceManager.test.ts
+++ b/tests/src/core/resource/ResourceManager.test.ts
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ describe("ResourceManager", () => {
     it("invalid q case", async () => {
       const loadRes = await engine.resourceManager.load({
         // contains invalid q value cdn url.
-        url: "https://mdn.alipayobjects.com/huamei_aftkdx/afts/file/A*_Ao1QZtL9fMAAAAAAAAAAAAADteEAQ/mock-project.json",
+        url: "https://mdn.alipayobjects.com/rms/afts/file/A*sX29TKhEzq4AAAAAQLAAAAgAehQnAQ/project.json",
         type: AssetType.Project
       });
       expect(loadRes).to.equal(undefined);
diff --git a/tests/src/loader/SceneParser.test.ts b/tests/src/loader/SceneParser.test.ts
index db7728112e..157a767f64 100644
--- a/tests/src/loader/SceneParser.test.ts
+++ b/tests/src/loader/SceneParser.test.ts
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ describe("ProjectLoader Component Reference Tests", function () {
     await engine.resourceManager.load({
       type: AssetType.Project,
       // button.Color.target be deleted
-      url: "https://mdn.alipayobjects.com/oasis_be/afts/file/A*hPs1Q4KdkBsAAAAAQNAAAAgAekp5AQ/project.json"
+      url: "https://mdn.alipayobjects.com/rms/afts/file/A*6GoSSK-ifQkAAAAAQMAAAAgAehQnAQ/project.json"
     });
     const scene = engine.sceneManager.scenes[0];